Thank you for always ordering pies from our bakery for your special occasions. We truly appreciate your continued support and always try to provide pies of the highest quality. Unfortunately, we are writing to inform you that we are unable to prepare the apple pie you've ordered for the upcoming birthday celebration. Due to a delayed apple harvest this season, we are currently experiencing difficulties sourcing fresh apples. As a result, we are unable to fulfill the order that you've requested. We sincerely apologize for this situation. We appreciate your understanding and look forward to serving you again in the future.

All the philosophical dilemmas about whether translation "reflects" or instead "transforms" what's in the original need to be swept aside. This is exactly the dichotomy that Merleau-Ponty's account of perception is trying to free us from: are we "seeing" objects or "constituting" them? Neither, because we perceive things in a world we live in and have the power to transform: a chair is something we can go sit in; a mug is something we can pick up. One of Merleau-Ponty's many great metaphors is that perception neither finds the world nor creates it: it reveals it, which he expresses using the term révélateur, the developing fluid for photographs in a darkroom. The act of seeing develops what's in the world, like developing a photograph. Likewise, a translation "develops the photograph" of the original text. Translators don't simply "recognize" what's there, but nor are we "changing" it into anything it isn't already, though we can be more or less aggressively interventionist in our darkroom. As a translator I take up the affordances of the original, moving through its world and constantly invited to respond in certain ways.

In many situations, corporate moral decisions do not entail a trade-off: doing the right thing is sometimes good for business. Legal scholar Lucian Bebchuk calls this type of reasoning "instrumental stakeholderism." Making stakeholders (customers, the community, employees, and so on) happy, even if it costs a little, may be in the interest of shareholders. For Bebchuk, such situations do not pose a challenge to economist Milton Friedman's view that managers should aim at maximizing profits. Giving an extra week of paid vacation or long maternity leave may help attract the most talented young college graduates. Sourcing inputs responsibly may appeal to millennial consumers who are concerned with the environment. Being more environmentally conscious than what current standards require might give a leading edge if one anticipates that regulations will become tighter in the near term. Morality can be seen in such cases as an instrument for (current and long-term) profits, not necessarily as a goal for its own sake.

The graph above shows the percentages of Canadians' preferred reading formats by age group, based on a survey conducted in 2025. In all age groups, Print Books were the most preferred reading format, with the 55-64 age group showing the highest preference at 71%. The percentage of people who preferred Ebooks was the highest in the 18-29 age group, followed by the 30-44 age group. While the preference for Ebooks was higher than that for Audiobooks in the 18-29 age group, the opposite was true in both the 30-44 and 45-54 age groups. The percentage of people who answered No Preference was highest in the 30-44 age group at 11%, which was less than twice that of the 45-54 age group. In the 55-64 age group, the percentage of people who preferred Audiobooks and the percentage of people who showed No Preference were both lower than that for Ebooks.

<Ice Hockey Club Recruitment>↵
■ Who We Are Looking For↵
- We are open to all adults.↵
- No prior skating experience is necessary.↵
■ Schedule & Location↵
- Practice is on every Friday, 7:00 p.m. – 10:00 p.m.↵
- Location is at Pinewood Ice Rink.↵
■ Member Benefits↵
- A free introductory lesson is offered to new members.↵
- Equipment is available for free rental.↵
- Professional hockey players offer one-on-one coaching.↵
- Inter-club matches are held once a month.

Almost all generalizations that political philosophers have made about the nature of human beings are wrong. If there is anything we know about human nature in all of its history, art, literature, and the sciences, it is that traits vary. Graph the distribution of human beings from the number who exhibit extreme self-interest to those who exhibit extreme self-sacrifice, and you will have variation. Do the same with intelligence, rationality, brutishness, aggressiveness, or whatever feature you want, and you will find a range, with the exceptional numbering in the very few, and most of us somewhere in the middle. We are no more selfish than we are selfless, nor more brutish than we are refined. We are no more disposed to live in a large-scale society than we are inclined to live in familial tribes. We are mostly, in almost all respects that explain our behaviors and dispositions, in the middle of a spectrum. Very few behavioral or psychological traits are categorically universal to humankind, at least if the sciences are to be believed.

Research with patients with damage to the hippocampus has indicated that conscious memory of events and motor learning are separate neurological systems. A patient with hippocampal damage can learn a motor task and get better with practice, but each time he practices he will have no conscious memory of doing the task. The motor circuits become trained, but damage to the hippocampus prevents the formation of new conscious memories. Therefore, the motor circuits learn a new task, such as solving a simple mechanical puzzle, but the person does not remember seeing or doing the puzzle. With repeated practice, the person gets better and better at it, but each time the puzzle is presented, he says he has never seen it before.

Homo sapiens as a species is defined by its genome. Unlike a digital document that can be flawlessly copied, again and again, without a single character missing or out of place, genomes are subject to random mutations and copying errors as the information is passed from parents to offspring. This comes on top of the genetic lottery as we inherit about half of our dad's genes and half of our mom's, but which of our dad's genes and which of our mom's genes we inherit is random, like a deck of shuffled cards. We all carry variants of nature's instruction manual for who we can become — differing in roughly one out of every thousand nucleotides. These "copying errors" are not a bug but a feature, as offspring with diverse genomes are the raw material shaped by the forces of evolution by natural selection. Some may be better adapted to a particular ecological niche, while most are either neutral or do worse. The former will have a higher chance, and the latter a lower one, of surviving and therefore passing on their genome to the next generation.